Green synthesis of MgO Nanoparticles Using Anona Muricata Leaf Aqueous Extract and its Antidiabetic Activity

Afuye O.O. & Olasunkanmi A.A, Volume 3 Issue 2, December 2022 Pages 59-67, Published: 2022-12-09

Abstract

Green synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles leads to the formation of non-harmful nanoparticles as a result of numerous phytochemicals present that have pharmaceutical applications. Synthesis of MgO nanoparticles using A. muricata is a simple technique that is easily used for various biomedical applications and this method makes biosynthesized MgO nanoparticles compatible with anti-diabetic studies. The MgO nanoparticles synthesized from A. muricata were characterized using the FTIR technique that confirmed the presence of functional groups; XRD confirmed the crystallinity and size (41nm) of the nanoparticle while SEM confirmed the surface morphology of the synthesized nanoparticle. Phytochemical screening of the aqueous extract of MgO nanoparticles synthesized in A. muricata leaves confirmed the presence of alkaloids, tannin, flavonoids, steroids, phenol, glycoside and terpenoids. The total phenol and flavonoid content were evaluated to be at values 48.54±0.58 mg and 46.45±0.642 mg. In vitro, anti-diabetic potentials of the MgO nanoparticles synthesized extract were evaluated using α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition with acarbose as a reference drug. The extract of MgO nanoparticles synthesized A. Muricata and acarbose (standard) showed IC50values of 66.00μg/ml and 20.03μg/ml in inhibition of α-amylase while values of 73.42μg/ml and 29.5μg/ml in inhibition of α-glucosidase. The results showed that the aqueous extract of MgO nanoparticles synthesized by Anona muricata exhibits powerful anti-diabetic effects and this supports its use in treating and managing diabetes.